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Research Article
Assessment of Job Satisfaction and Associated Factors Among Health Professionals Working at Public Hospitals in Arsi Zone, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia/2021
Ashim Gebi,
Melese Tadesse Aredo*
,
Dejene Seyoum Gebre,
Solomon Tejineh,
Getu Teshome,
Dida Batu
Issue:
Volume 12, Issue 4, August 2024
Pages:
60-73
Received:
14 May 2024
Accepted:
30 May 2024
Published:
29 July 2024
Abstract: Background: Job satisfaction encompasses the array of attitudes that employees hold towards their work. Various factors influence job satisfaction, including salaries, benefits, allowances, pension funds, working hours, and the level of respect received in the workplace. In Ethiopia, approximately 50% of nurses employed in public health facilities express dissatisfaction, citing reasons such as lack of motivation, inadequate salary, limited training opportunities, and insufficient human resources. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate job satisfaction and its determinants among health professionals working in public primary hospitals in Arsi Zone, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia in 2021. Methods: An institutional-based cross-sectional study design was utilized, involving 207 health professionals selected systematically from public primary hospitals in Arsi Zone. Data were cleaned, coded, entered into EpiData 7, and analyzed using SPSS version 21. Multiple logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify statistically significant associations between dependent and independent variables and to predict factors influencing job satisfaction. Results: The study revealed that 71 (35.3%) health professionals expressed agreement that they would choose the same career if given the chance again. While 60 (29.9%) respondents perceived personal growth in their work, 124 (61.7%) did not experience any personal development. A majority of participants (78.1%) reported having adequate opportunities for professional growth, with 125 (62.1%) indicating satisfaction in their profession. Multivariate analysis identified age, work experience, and income as significant factors influencing job satisfaction among health professionals. Conclusions and Recommendations: The study found an overall low level of job satisfaction among health professionals. Age, work experience, and average monthly income emerged as key factors affecting job satisfaction in this group. The government should implement effective policies addressing all determinants of job satisfaction, improve payment structures, create conducive work environments, recognize achievements, and establish mechanisms for remote retention of staff. Hospital administrators should enhance work conditions, increase rewards, and prioritize the professional development of employees to boost staff job satisfaction.
Abstract: Background: Job satisfaction encompasses the array of attitudes that employees hold towards their work. Various factors influence job satisfaction, including salaries, benefits, allowances, pension funds, working hours, and the level of respect received in the workplace. In Ethiopia, approximately 50% of nurses employed in public health facilities ...
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Research Article
Assessing Blood Donors' Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Regarding Blood Donation - A Cross-Sectional Study
Issue:
Volume 12, Issue 4, August 2024
Pages:
74-81
Received:
29 June 2024
Accepted:
15 July 2024
Published:
29 July 2024
Abstract: Introduction: Blood donation is vital for saving lives in critical medical conditions, making it a global concern. Ensuring a stable blood supply is essential for emergency treatments, surgeries, and chronic disease therapies. Blood donors, including influential figures like imams, play a critical role in promoting and normalizing blood donation within communities. Aim of the study: The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge, attitude and practices of blood donors toward blood donation. Methods: This cross-sectional study at Imam Training Academy of the Islamic Foundation, Bangladesh, included 200 Imams aged 18 above. Conducted from February 2023 to January 2024, data on knowledge, attitudes, and practices were collected through face-to-face interviews using a semi-structured questionnaire. Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS Version 26, considering a P-value of <0.05 as significant. Ethical clearance was obtained from the local ethical committee. Result: The study findings indicate that the majority (61.5%) of participants were aged between 20-29 years, with 19.5% aged 30-39 years. Awareness about blood donation was moderate, with 45% aware of their blood group and Rh factor. Most participants (83.5%) understood that receiving infected blood can transmit diseases, and 65% correctly identified the interval for safe blood donation. Knowledge of local blood transfusion centers beyond BSMMU was low at 36%. Attitudes toward blood donation were overwhelmingly positive, with high agreement that donation saves lives (96.5%) and is a moral activity (97.5%). The preference for voluntary non-remunerated donation was unanimous (98%). However, only 35% of respondents had donated blood at least once, with 33.5% donating voluntarily. Conclusion: The study found that blood donors had good knowledge and a positive attitude toward blood donation. However, most individuals were not donating blood regularly as volunteers.
Abstract: Introduction: Blood donation is vital for saving lives in critical medical conditions, making it a global concern. Ensuring a stable blood supply is essential for emergency treatments, surgeries, and chronic disease therapies. Blood donors, including influential figures like imams, play a critical role in promoting and normalizing blood donation wi...
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Review Article
How Attribution Theory Helps to Explain Psychiatric Nosology
Mario Dominic Garrett*
Issue:
Volume 12, Issue 4, August 2024
Pages:
82-94
Received:
17 July 2024
Accepted:
5 August 2024
Published:
20 August 2024
Abstract: By exposing the assumptions made about dysfunctional behaviors, treatment options can be better understood. Belief in the cause of a disorder determines what is done to alleviate it. By applying attribution theory to psychiatric nosology—categorization of psychiatry dysfunctions—attributional bias of clinicians can be shown. Primarily clinicians are biased to diagnose a patient’s dysfunction as internal, stable and uncontrollable. In reality most dysfunctions are periodic/cyclical and therefore unstable and through behavioral therapy, most are controllable. By changing the attributions, a different meaning of mental illness emerges. Historical evidence illustrates how the attribution of aberrant behaviors has changed which consequently resulted in different theories and treatments. From ‘spirits that invade the body’ of the Middle Ages to the ‘imbalance in the nervous energy’ of the Enlightenment, beliefs dictated how people were treated. From the punitive treatments of the Middle Ages to the ‘Moral Treatment’ of the Enlightenment. With the attribution of biological determinism, a new age of psychopharmacology was ushered in. All these treatment fads rely on different attributions rather than on scientific evidence. With Mad Studies promoting the perspective of the patients who use the mental health care system, the attribution of disease changes again, and a greater emphasis is placed on the external, unstable, and controllable aspects of madness. According to the theory ‘Power Threat Meaning Framework,’ madness is a mental strategy that has become mismatched with its current context. The context determines the expression of dysfunction. Future treatment requires a population-based approach that offers social prescribing, short-term respite programs, and broad community-based cognitive-behavioral therapies. The objective is to focus on alleviating the anxiety and distress experienced by the individual and to aim for personal and functional recovery rather than to aim for a purely clinical recovery.
Abstract: By exposing the assumptions made about dysfunctional behaviors, treatment options can be better understood. Belief in the cause of a disorder determines what is done to alleviate it. By applying attribution theory to psychiatric nosology—categorization of psychiatry dysfunctions—attributional bias of clinicians can be shown. Primarily clinicians ar...
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Research Article
Factors Affecting Health Research Utilization Among Health Professionals in Nigeria
Michael Avwerhota*,
Ebenezer Obi Daniel,
Oladayo Olarinre Avwerhota,
Israel Olukayode Popoola,
Taiwo Aderemi Popoola,
Adebanke Adetutu Ogun,
Ahmed Mamuda Bello,
Michael Olabode Tomori,
Aisha Oluwakemi Salami,
Celestine Emeka Ekwuluo,
Olukayode Oladeji Alewi,
Aremu Bukola Janet
Issue:
Volume 12, Issue 4, August 2024
Pages:
95-103
Received:
26 July 2024
Accepted:
20 August 2024
Published:
30 August 2024
DOI:
10.11648/j.ajhr.20241204.14
Downloads:
Views:
Abstract: The utilization of health research in clinical practice is hindered by individual, organizational, and systemic barriers, including insufficient research literacy and unsupportive organizational cultures. Enhancing research literacy, fostering supportive environments, and implementing evidence-based policies are crucial for bridging the gap between research and practice, ultimately improving patient outcomes. This study investigates the factors affecting health research utilization among health professionals in Nigeria, an essential aspect for advancing healthcare systems and patient outcomes. Utilizing a cross-sectional descriptive design, data were collected via an online survey distributed to public health professionals and policymakers. The survey explored demographics, research utilization, dissemination effectiveness, barriers, and recommendations for improvement. Key findings indicate significant demographic disparities, with a higher proportion of younger and non-public health degree holders reporting unused research findings. The study identified major barriers, including inadequate communication, poor dissemination practices, and lack of access to research findings. Despite 87.6% of respondents conducting potentially impactful research, only 13.6% reported actual utilization of their findings. The recommendations for improvement emphasized the role of knowledge brokers, fostering research-attuned and decision-relevant cultures, enhancing communication and interaction between researchers and users, and building capacity among all stakeholders. Additionally, establishing effective dissemination systems, securing funding, and promoting international collaboration were highlighted as critical strategies. The study underscores the necessity of addressing structural, cultural, and communicative barriers to improve the practical application of health research in Nigeria, aligning with global trends and literature advocating for a multifaceted approach to enhance health outcomes.
Abstract: The utilization of health research in clinical practice is hindered by individual, organizational, and systemic barriers, including insufficient research literacy and unsupportive organizational cultures. Enhancing research literacy, fostering supportive environments, and implementing evidence-based policies are crucial for bridging the gap between...
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Research Article
Study of Number of Cotyledons of Placenta in Different Gestational Age Groups of Healthy Pregnant Mother of Bangladesh
Issue:
Volume 12, Issue 4, August 2024
Pages:
104-109
Received:
31 July 2024
Accepted:
21 August 2024
Published:
30 August 2024
Abstract: Introduction: The placenta has drawn attention as an important indicator of intrauterine condition of fetus and maternal diseases. The study of number of cotyledons of placenta in different gestational age groups of healthy pregnant mother of Bangladesh is cross sectional descriptive study. Aim of the study: The aim of the study was to study the variation of number of cotyledons of placenta in deferent state of gestational ages of healthy pregnant mother. Methods: This cross sectional descriptive study was conducted in the Department of Anatomy, Mymensingh Medical College, Mymensingh, from January 2018 to December 2018. This study was performed on 80 human placentae. Result: The mean (± SD) number of cotyledon of the placenta was 18.56 (±2.15) in group A, 21.21 (±3.11) in group B and 23.75 (±3.45) in group C. The mean number of cotyledon of the placenta was maximum in group C (23.75) and was minimum in group A (18.56). It was also observed that the mean number of cotyledon of the placenta increased with gestational age. The mean difference of the number of placental cotyledons between groups A and C was statistically moderately significant (p < 0.05) but between A and B and B and C was statistically non-significant (p > 0.05). Conclusion: The placental examination becomes important as it will help in understanding the specific etiologies of adverse outcome. This study has shown that the mean number of cotyledon of the placenta increased with gestational age.
Abstract: Introduction: The placenta has drawn attention as an important indicator of intrauterine condition of fetus and maternal diseases. The study of number of cotyledons of placenta in different gestational age groups of healthy pregnant mother of Bangladesh is cross sectional descriptive study. Aim of the study: The aim of the study was to study the va...
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