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Comparison of Kato-Katz and Formol-Ether Concentration Methods for the Diagnosis of Intestinal Helminthic Infections among School Children of Wonji Shoa Town, Eastern Ethiopia: A School Based Cross-Sectional Study

Received: 31 August 2014     Accepted: 17 September 2014     Published: 30 September 2014
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Abstract

Background: Intestinal helminthic infections are among the most common infections in the world and are responsible for considerable morbidity and mortality. The diagnosis of these infections commonly relies on the detection of helminth egg or larvae in stool. The objective of this study was to compare the diagnostic performance of kato-katz thick smear and formol-ether concentration methods for the diagnosis of helminthic infections among Wonji Shoa town primary school children. Method: Institution based cross-sectional study design was used. 669 primary school students were selected using simple random sampling technique. Stool samples were examined using formol-ether concentration and kato-katz thick smear techniques. Results were shown in tables, percent and prevalence rates. P<0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Result: The stool concentration method showed that the prevalence of S. mansoni was (28.3%), A. lumbricoides (15.2%), Hookworms (12.1%) and T. trichiura (12.1%) respectively. Both Taenia species and H. nana were equally prevalent (3.0%). However, Kato-katz method showed a prevalence of 20.2%, 8.1% and 5.8% for S. mansoni, A. lumbricoides and Hookworms respectively. The sensitivity of the two techniques was statistically significant (p=0.02). Conclusion: Even though the Kato-katz thick smear is the most recommended method for epidemiological study of S. mansoni, in this study, it has lower sensitivity than concentration technique in the diagnosis of each type of helminthes. Since human intestinal parasitic infections are high in the study area; mass treatment, snail control and health education were strongly recommended.

Published in American Journal of Health Research (Volume 2, Issue 5)
DOI 10.11648/j.ajhr.20140205.18
Page(s) 271-274
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2014. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Kato-Katz, Formol-Ether Concentration, Parasitic Infections, Helmithiasis

References
[1] Raza, H.H and Sami, R.A. Epidemiolocal Study on Gastrointestinal Parasites. Among Different Sexes, Occupations, and Age Groups in Sulaimani District. J. Duhok Univ. 2009, 12 (1): 317-323.
[2] Garcia, L.S. Diagnostic Medical Parasitology. 5th ed. LSG and associates ASM press, Washington, DC. 2007, pp 266-270.
[3] Getachew H/mariam, Afework Kassu, Gemeda Abebe, Ebba Abate, Demekech Damte, Endris Mekonnen and Fusao Ota. Intestinal parasitic infections in HIV/AIDS and HIV seronegative individuals in a teaching hospital, Ethiopia. Jpn. J. Infect. Dis. 2004, 57: 41-43.
[4] Shimelis Assefa, Berhanu Erko, Girmay Medhin, Zelalem Assefa and Techalew Shimelis Intestinal parasitic infections in relation to HIV/AIDS status, diarrhea and CD4 T-cell count. BMC Infectious Diseases 2009, 9:155doi:10.1186/1471-2334-9-155
[5] Kongs, A., Marks, G., Verle, P. and Stuyft, P.V. The unreliability of the Kato-Katz technique. limits its usefulness for evaluating S. mansoni infections. Trop. Med. Int. Heal. 2001, 6(3):163-169.
[6] Pontes, L.A., Maria C., Katz, O.N., Dias-Neto, E. and Rabello, A. Comparison of a polymerase chain reaction and the kato-katz technique for the diagnosing infection with Schistosoma mansoni. Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg., 2003, 68(6):652–656.
[7] Tarafder, M.R., Carabin, H., Joseph, L., Balolong J.E., Olveda, R. and McGarvey, S.T. Estimating the sensitivity and specificity of Kato-Katz stool examination technique for detection of hookworms, Ascaris lumbricoides and Trichuris trichiura infections in humans in the absence of a ‘gold standard’. Int. J. Parasitol. 2010, 40:399–404.
[8] Glinz, D., Silue´, K.D., Knopp, S., Lohourignon, L.K., Yao, K.P., Steinmann, P., Rinaldi, L., Cringoli, G., N’Goran, E.K. and Utzinger, J. Comparing Diagnostic Accuracy of Kato-Katz, Koga Agar Plate, Ether-Concentration, and FLOTAC for Schistosoma mansoni and Soil-Transmitted Helminths. 2010, www.plosntds.org
[9] Feleke Moges, Yenew Kebede, Afework Kassu, Getu Degu, Moges Tiruneh and Molla Gedefaw. Infection with HIV and Intestinal Parasites among Sreet Dwellers in Gondar City Northwest Ethiopia. Jpn. J. Infect. Dis. 2006, 59: 400-403.
[10] Amare Mengistu, Solomon Gebre-Selassie and Tesfaye Kassa. Prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections among urban dwellers in southwest Ethiopia. Ethiop. J. Health Dev. 2007, 21(1):12-17.
[11] Girum Tadesse (2005). The prevalence of intestinal helminthic infections and associated risk factors among school children in Babile town, eastern Ethiopia Ethiop. J.Heal. Dev biol. 19(2): 140-147.
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    Solomon Taye. (2014). Comparison of Kato-Katz and Formol-Ether Concentration Methods for the Diagnosis of Intestinal Helminthic Infections among School Children of Wonji Shoa Town, Eastern Ethiopia: A School Based Cross-Sectional Study. American Journal of Health Research, 2(5), 271-274. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajhr.20140205.18

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    ACS Style

    Solomon Taye. Comparison of Kato-Katz and Formol-Ether Concentration Methods for the Diagnosis of Intestinal Helminthic Infections among School Children of Wonji Shoa Town, Eastern Ethiopia: A School Based Cross-Sectional Study. Am. J. Health Res. 2014, 2(5), 271-274. doi: 10.11648/j.ajhr.20140205.18

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    AMA Style

    Solomon Taye. Comparison of Kato-Katz and Formol-Ether Concentration Methods for the Diagnosis of Intestinal Helminthic Infections among School Children of Wonji Shoa Town, Eastern Ethiopia: A School Based Cross-Sectional Study. Am J Health Res. 2014;2(5):271-274. doi: 10.11648/j.ajhr.20140205.18

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ajhr.20140205.18,
      author = {Solomon Taye},
      title = {Comparison of Kato-Katz and Formol-Ether Concentration Methods for the Diagnosis of Intestinal Helminthic Infections among School Children of Wonji Shoa Town, Eastern Ethiopia: A School Based Cross-Sectional Study},
      journal = {American Journal of Health Research},
      volume = {2},
      number = {5},
      pages = {271-274},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ajhr.20140205.18},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajhr.20140205.18},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajhr.20140205.18},
      abstract = {Background: Intestinal helminthic infections are among the most common infections in the world and are responsible for considerable morbidity and mortality. The diagnosis of these infections commonly relies on the detection of helminth egg or larvae in stool. The objective of this study was to compare the diagnostic performance of kato-katz thick smear and formol-ether concentration methods for the diagnosis of helminthic infections among Wonji Shoa town primary school children. Method: Institution based cross-sectional study design was used. 669 primary school students were selected using simple random sampling technique. Stool samples were examined using formol-ether concentration and kato-katz thick smear techniques. Results were shown in tables, percent and prevalence rates. P<0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Result: The stool concentration method showed that the prevalence of S. mansoni was (28.3%), A. lumbricoides (15.2%), Hookworms (12.1%) and T. trichiura (12.1%) respectively. Both Taenia species and H. nana were equally prevalent (3.0%). However, Kato-katz method showed a prevalence of 20.2%, 8.1% and 5.8% for S. mansoni, A. lumbricoides and Hookworms respectively. The sensitivity of the two techniques was statistically significant (p=0.02). Conclusion: Even though the Kato-katz thick smear is the most recommended method for epidemiological study of S. mansoni, in this study, it has lower sensitivity than concentration technique in the diagnosis of each type of helminthes. Since human intestinal parasitic infections are high in the study area; mass treatment, snail control and health education were strongly recommended.},
     year = {2014}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Comparison of Kato-Katz and Formol-Ether Concentration Methods for the Diagnosis of Intestinal Helminthic Infections among School Children of Wonji Shoa Town, Eastern Ethiopia: A School Based Cross-Sectional Study
    AU  - Solomon Taye
    Y1  - 2014/09/30
    PY  - 2014
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajhr.20140205.18
    DO  - 10.11648/j.ajhr.20140205.18
    T2  - American Journal of Health Research
    JF  - American Journal of Health Research
    JO  - American Journal of Health Research
    SP  - 271
    EP  - 274
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2330-8796
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajhr.20140205.18
    AB  - Background: Intestinal helminthic infections are among the most common infections in the world and are responsible for considerable morbidity and mortality. The diagnosis of these infections commonly relies on the detection of helminth egg or larvae in stool. The objective of this study was to compare the diagnostic performance of kato-katz thick smear and formol-ether concentration methods for the diagnosis of helminthic infections among Wonji Shoa town primary school children. Method: Institution based cross-sectional study design was used. 669 primary school students were selected using simple random sampling technique. Stool samples were examined using formol-ether concentration and kato-katz thick smear techniques. Results were shown in tables, percent and prevalence rates. P<0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Result: The stool concentration method showed that the prevalence of S. mansoni was (28.3%), A. lumbricoides (15.2%), Hookworms (12.1%) and T. trichiura (12.1%) respectively. Both Taenia species and H. nana were equally prevalent (3.0%). However, Kato-katz method showed a prevalence of 20.2%, 8.1% and 5.8% for S. mansoni, A. lumbricoides and Hookworms respectively. The sensitivity of the two techniques was statistically significant (p=0.02). Conclusion: Even though the Kato-katz thick smear is the most recommended method for epidemiological study of S. mansoni, in this study, it has lower sensitivity than concentration technique in the diagnosis of each type of helminthes. Since human intestinal parasitic infections are high in the study area; mass treatment, snail control and health education were strongly recommended.
    VL  - 2
    IS  - 5
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Madawalabu University, Bale Goba, Ethiopia

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